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12 apr 2024 · Charles XII, king of Sweden (1697–1718) who defended his country for 18 years during the Great Northern War and promoted significant domestic reforms. He launched a disastrous invasion of Russia (1707–09), resulting in the complete collapse of the Swedish armies and the loss of Sweden’s status as a great power.
Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII (Swedish: Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken , a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach .
History of Charles XII (French: Histoire de Charles XII) is a historical work by the French historian, philosopher, and writer Voltaire about Charles XII, king of Sweden. It was first published in 1731.
Charles XII began his Russian offensive in 1707. The Russians for the first time used a scorched-earth strategy, thus diverting the Swedish armies from Moscow to Ukraine , where the Swedes suffered a crushing defeat at Poltava in June 1709.
26 ago 2006 · Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden : Voltaire, 1694-1778 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive.
18 set 2018 · Born into a military world where Sweden was a nation renowned for the quality of its fighting men, King Charles XII would go on to earn the nickname ‘The Last Viking’ and lose his life in battle. Other nicknames dubbed him ‘The Lion of the North’ and ‘The Swedish Meteor’.
Charles XII, Swedish Karl, (born June 17, 1682, Stockholm, Swed.—died Nov. 30, 1718, Fredrikshald, Nor.), King of Sweden (1697–1718). Son of Charles XI, he became absolute monarch at age 15. He defended his country for 18 years in the Second Northern War, gradually taking increased responsibility for planning and executing armed operations.
