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A. [ a] ( listen) German Mann, French gare. For many English speakers, the first part of the ow sound in cow. Found in some dialects of English in cat or father . [ ä] ( listen) Mandarin 他 tā, American English father, Spanish casa, French patte. [ ɐ] ( listen) RP cut, German Kaiserslautern.
H:IPAEN. Throughout Wikipedia, the pronunciation of words is indicated by means of the International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ). The following tables list the IPA symbols used for English words and pronunciations. Please note that several of these symbols are used in ways that are specific to Wikipedia and differ from those used by dictionaries.
For the distinction between [ ], / / and , see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. The International Phonetic Alphabet charts for English dialects show the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent English language pronunciations. These charts give a partial system of diaphonemes for English.
English phonology is the system of speech sounds used in spoken English. Like many other languages, English has wide variation in pronunciation, both historically and from dialect to dialect. In general, however, the regional dialects of English share a largely similar (but not identical) phonological system.
Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, was an early form of English in medieval England. It is different from Early Modern English, the language of Shakespeare and the King James Bible, and from Middle English, the language of Geoffrey Chaucer. See Old English phonology for more detail on the sounds of Old English.
Respelled syllables are visually separated by hyphens ("-"), and the stress on a syllable is indicated by capital letters. For example, the word "pronunciation" ( / prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən /) is respelled prə-NUN-see-AY-shən. In this example, the primary and secondary stress are not distinguished because the difference is automatic.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents French language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters . French has no word-level stress so stress marks ...
