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ECG Library Basics – Waves, Intervals, Segments and Clinical Interpretation. ECG A to Z by diagnosis – ECG interpretation in clinical context. ECG Exigency and Cardiovascular Curveball – ECG Clinical Cases. 100 ECG Quiz – Self-assessment tool for examination practice.
- ECG Basics
ECG Eponym: First ECG in a human 1887 - WALLER, Augustus...
- EKG A-Z by Diagnosis
The ECG Made Practical 7e, 2019; Kühn P, Lang C, Wiesbauer...
- Top 100 ECG
Clinical cases and self assessment to enhance interpretation...
- ECG References
(except for maybe Part II…) 200 advanced ECG problems...
- Electrocardiography · Part One
Electrocardiography · Part One. Describe the principles...
- ECG Basics
16 giu 2021 · In this first video we walk you through every aspect of the basics of the ECG including: Describe the parts of the ECG; Rate, rhythm, axis; P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST-segment, T wave, QT interval; Identify the features of a normal ECG
- Confirm Details
- Heart Rate
- Heart Rhythm
- Cardiac Axis
- P Waves
- QRS Complex
- St Segment
- U Waves
- Document Your Interpretation
- Want to Learn More About Ecgs?
Before beginning ECG interpretation, you should check the following details: 1. Confirm the name and date of birthof the patient matches the details on the ECG. 2. Check the date and timethat the ECG was performed. 3. Check the calibration of the ECG (usually 25mm/s and 10mm/1mV).
What is a normal adult heart rate?
1. Normal: 60-100 bpm 2. Tachycardia:>100 bpm 3. Bradycardia:<60 bpm
Regular heart rhythm
If a patient has a regular heart rhythm, their heart rate can be calculated using the following method: 1. Count the number of large squares present within one R-R interval. 2. Divide 300 by this number to calculate heart rate.
Irregular heart rhythm
If a patient’s heart rhythm is irregular, the first heart rate calculation method doesn’t work (as the R-R interval differs significantly throughout the ECG). As a result, you need to apply a different method: 1. Count the number of complexes on the rhythm strip (each rhythm strip is typically 10 seconds long). 2. Multiply the number of complexes by 6 (giving you the average number of complexes in 1 minute).
A patient’s heart rhythm can be regular or irregular. Irregular rhythms can be either: 1. Regularly irregular(i.e. a recurrent pattern of irregularity) 2. Irregularly irregular(i.e. completely disorganised) Mark out several consecutive R-R intervals on a piece of paper, then move them along the rhythm strip to check if the subsequent intervals are ...
Cardiac axis describes the overall direction of electrical spreadwithin the heart. In a healthy individual, the axis should spread from 11 o’clock to 5 o’clock. To determine the cardiac axis, you must look at leads I, II and III. Read our cardiac axis guideto learn more.
The next step is to look at the P wavesand answer the following questions: 1. Are P waves present? 2. If so, is each P wave followed by a QRS complex? 3. Do the P waves look normal? – check duration, direction and shape 4. If P waves are absent, is there any atrial activity? 1. Sawtooth baseline → flutter waves 2. Chaotic baseline → fibrillation wa...
When assessing a QRS complex, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics: 1. Width 2. Height 3. Morphology
The ST segment is the part of the ECG between the end of the S wave and the start of the T wave. In a healthy individual, it should be an isoelectric line (neither elevated nor depressed). Abnormalities of the ST segment should be investigated to rule out pathology.
U waves are not a commonfinding. The U wave is a > 0.5mm deflection after the T wave best seen in V2 or V3. These become larger the slower the bradycardia – classically U waves are seen in various electrolyte imbalances, hypothermia and secondary to antiarrhythmic therapy(such as digoxin, procainamide or amiodarone).
You should document your interpretation of the ECG in the patient’s notes (check out our guide to documenting an ECG).
We have several other articles relevant to ECGs: 1. Understanding an ECG: a guide to understanding the underlying concepts of ECGs 2. Cardiac axis explained: a simple guide to the cardiac axis 3. How to record a 12-lead ECG: an OSCE guide to recording a 12-lead ECG 4. How to document an ECG: a guide to documenting your ECG interpretation in the not...
- Dr Matthew Jackson
18 dic 2022 · In this article, we will explore the basics of ECG physiology, and build on this knowledge for interpretation in later articles. In a nutshell, however, the ECG is used to assess the magnitude, timing, and direction of electrical flow in the heart.
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This in-depth review on acute STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) covers definitions, pathophysiology, ECG criteria, clinical features and evidence-based management.
