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Beijing. / 39.90667°N 116.39750°E / 39.90667; 116.39750. Beijing, [a] alternatively romanized as Peking, [b] is the capital of China. With more than 22 million residents, [9] Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city as well as China's second largest city after Shanghai. [10] It is located in Northern China, and is ...
During the first millennia of imperial rule, Beijing was a provincial city in northern China. Its stature grew in the 10th to the 13th centuries when the nomadic Khitan and forest-dwelling Jurchen peoples from beyond the Great Wall expanded southward and made the city a capital of their dynasties, the Liao and Jin.
- The Major Eras of Beijing History
- History of Beijing: Pre-Qin Empire Beijing
- History of Beijing: Qin to Sui Dynasty
- History of Beijing: Sui to Yuan Dynasty
- History of Beijing in Yuan Dynasty
- History of Beijing in Ming Dynasty
- History of Beijing in Qing Dynasty
- Modern History of Beijing
- Explore Beijing with Local Experts
- You Might Like to Read
The history of Beijing can be broadly divided into five eras: 1. Pre-Qin— kingdom/state capital 2. Qin–Sui Dynasty— important city of three big empires 3. Sui–Yuan Dynasty— post-Grand Canal growth, Mongol conquest 4. Yuan–Qing Dynasty— capital of three huge empires 5. Modern Beijing— Republican, Japanese-occupied, then Communist China capital 1. 5-...
If the oldest historical records are correct and not mythological, then Beijing is in the original domain of the Yellow Emperor, and his victorious Huaxia tribe founded the Xia Dynasty (2070–1600 BC) that led to China's first historic civilization called the Shang (1600–1046 BC) in the Beijing region. On the comparatively dry Central Plain where de...
The first Emperor of the Qin, Qin Shihuang, divided his empire into 36 prefectures, and he designated the City of Ji to be the administrative center of a prefecture called Guangyang Commandery. It was a strategic trade and military center. In 215 BC, the First Emperor visited Ji. The Qin fortified Juyong Pass to the northwest of Ji (Beijing), as pa...
The big Sui Empire (589–618) emerged in 589. In order to ferry troops and supplies to fight a war in the northeast, they changed Beijing forever by building the Grand Canalto link Ji to central China and the Yangtze basin. The economical and relatively quick transportation made the area prosper. The Tang Dynasty (618–907) conquered the Sui in 618. ...
In the early 1200s, the Mongols conquered large empires and tribal domains in central Asia and northeastern Asia. One of the last of the empires that they conquered was the Manchu Jin Empire. Under Genghis Khan, the Mongols captured Zhongdu in 1215 and looted and burned it. They first called it "Yanjing." Under the Mongols, the population of the ci...
For the first decades under Ming rule, "Beiping," as the Ming called the city, became impoverished, and the population dropped dramatically. By 1369, the city's population had been reduced to 95,000, and only 113,000 people lived in the region surrounding it. So the population dropped 90% in just a few decades and mirrored its size in 1125 and at t...
The Manchu invaders established the Qing Empire (1644–1912). Beijing was their capital until the end of their reign in modern times. For the Qing dynastic clan, Beijing was advantageous as a capital city for many of the same reasons it was strategic for the Mongols. It was near the middle of their vast empire that was the fourth largest in recorded...
A Nationalist Army general ruled China from Beijing from 1912 to 1928 when the capital was moved to Nanjing. In 1937, the Japanese army captured Beijing. The Japanese created a puppet government, and Beijing became the capital of the Japanese-controlled territory until 1945. In 1949, Beijing became the capital of Communist China. Mao Zedong declare...
From big Ming construction marvels to modern ones, Beijing has many interesting places to see. The city is so big however, that to maximize your enjoyment, a private tour guide and driver, not to mention an expertly-designed itinerary, would be a great help. Here are two Beijing sample itineraries for your consideration: 1. 4-Day Emperor's Tour of ...
Beijing was born with the name of Ji or Ki, around the 8th century B.C., suffering revolts between the Fighting Kingdoms during the 5th and 3rd centuries B.C. The turbulent Qinshi Huangdi came to power, establishing the Qin dynasty and going down in history as the first ruler to unify China .
2 giorni fa · Beijing, city, province-level shi (municipality), and capital of the People’s Republic of China. The city has been an integral part of China’s history over the past eight centuries. Redolent with historical, cultural, and political significance, it is one of the world’s great cities.
- The residents of Beijing speak a dialect of Mandarin Chinese that forms the basis of Modern Standard Chinese (Guoyu), or putonghua (“common languag...
- The Forbidden City is an imperial palace complex at the heart of Beijing, designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987 in recognition of its imp...
- The former name of Beijing is Beiping (Pei-p’ing; “Northern Peace”). The third Ming emperor gave it the new name of Beijing (“Northern Capital”) du...
- Beijing has been the capital of China since the early 15th century, except for a brief period during the 20th.
- Beijing hosted the Summer Olympics for the first time in 2008.
In 1928 the capital was moved to Nanjing, and the name Beiping (Pei-p’ing) was given to the former capital. Nearby, in 1937, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident took place. Beijing’s capital status and its name were restored following the communist victory in 1949. It is China’s cultural and educational centre.
When all China fell to the Mongol hordes, Kublai Khan (1215–94), a successor to Genghis Khan, determined to build a new capital at Beijing, abandoning the old city of Karakorum in Mongolia. In 1272 he named the new capital Dadu (“Great Capital”); under the Mongols it became for the first time the political centre of all China.
