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Irene Lekapene (born Maria; Bulgarian: Ирина Лакапина, Greek: Μαρία/Ειρήνη Λεκαπηνή, died ca. 966) was the Empress consort of Peter I of Bulgaria. She was а daughter of Christopher Lekapenos, son and co-emperor of Romanos I Lekapenos, and his wife Augusta Sophia.
Irene Lecapena (nata Maria, in bulgaro: Ирина Лакапина, in greco antico: Μαρία/Ειρήνη Λακαπηνή? ; Costantinopoli , ... – Preslav , 963 ) è stata imperatrice consorte dell' imperatore bulgaro Pietro I che sposò nel 927 e al fianco di cui rimase fino alla morte, avvenuta attorno al 963 .
Irene Lekapene. Boris II ( Church Slavonic: Борисъ В҃; Bulgarian: Борис II; c. 931 – 977) was emperor ( tsar) of Bulgaria from 969 to 977 (in Byzantine captivity from 971). Boris II was the eldest surviving son of Emperor Peter I of Bulgaria and Maria (renamed Eirene) Lekapena, a granddaughter of Emperor Romanos I ...
Irene Lekapene (born Maria; Bulgarian: Ирина Лакапина, Greek: Μαρία/Ειρήνη Λεκαπηνή, died ca. 966) was the Empress consort of Peter I of Bulgaria. She was а daughter of Christopher Lekapenos, son and co-emperor of Romanos I Lekapenos, and his wife Augusta Sophia.
- Prelude
- Beginning of The War and Simeon I's Coronation
- Battle of Achelous
- Campaigns Against The Serbs
- Campaigns Against The Byzantines
- Attempts For A Bulgarian–Arab Alliance
- Later Years
- Peace Treaty
- Aftermath
- Footnotes
Political background
In the first years after his accession to the throne in 893, Simeon successfully defended Bulgaria's commercial interests, acquired territory between the Black Sea and the Strandzha mountains, and imposed an annual tribute on the Byzantine Empire as a result of the Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896. The outcome of the war confirmed Bulgarian domination in the Balkans, but Simeon knew that he needed to consolidate his political, cultural and ideological base in order to fulfil his ultimate go...
Crisis of 904
At the beginning of the 10th century, the Arabs completed the conquest of Sicily and from 902 began attacking Byzantine shipping and towns in the Aegean Sea. In 904, they sacked the empire's second-largest city, Thessalonica, taking 22,000 captives and leaving the city virtually empty. Simeon decided to exploit that opportunity, and the Bulgarian army appeared in the vicinity of the deserted city. By securing and settling Thessalonica, the Bulgarians would have gained an important port on the...
In 912 Leo VI died and was succeeded by his brother Alexander, who set about reversing many of LeoVI's policies and reinstated Nicholas Mystikos as patriarch. As the diplomatic protocol of the time prescribed, Simeon sent emissaries to confirm the peace in late 912 or early 913. According to the Byzantine chronicler Theophanes Continuatus, Simeon i...
The agreement concluded in August 913 proved to be short-lived. Two months later, ConstantineVII's mother, Zoe Karbonopsina, was allowed to return to Constantinople from exile. In February 914 she overthrew the regency of Nicholas Mystikos in a palace coup. She was reluctantly proclaimed empress by Mystikos, who retained his post as a Patriarch. He...
Following the victories in 917, the way to Constantinople lay open. However, Simeon had to deal with the Serbian prince Petar Gojniković, who had responded positively to the Byzantine proposal for an anti-Bulgarian coalition. An army was dispatched under the command of kavhan Theodore Sigritsa and general Marmais. The two persuaded Petar Gojniković...
After the threat from Serbia was eliminated in 917, Simeon personally led a campaign in the Theme of Hellas and penetrated deep to the south, reaching the Isthmus of Corinth. Although many people fled to the island of Euboea and the Peloponnese peninsula, the Bulgarians took many captives and forced the population to pay taxes to the Bulgarian stat...
By 922, although the Bulgarians controlled almost the entire Balkan peninsula, Simeon's main objective remained out of his reach. The Bulgarian monarch was aware that he needed a navy to conquer Constantinople. Simeon decided to turn to Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah (r.909–934), founder and caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate. He ruled most of North Africa ...
After the failure to secure an alliance with the Arabs, in September 923 or 924 SimeonI once again appeared in Byzantine Thrace. The Bulgarians pillaged the outskirts of Constantinople, burned the Church of St. Mary of the Spring and set up camp at the walls of Constantinople. SimeonI demanded a meeting with RomanosI in order to establish a tempora...
Simeon I was succeeded by his second son Peter I (r.927–969). At the beginning of PeterI's reign, the most influential person in the court was his maternal uncle, George Sursuvul, who served at first as a regent of the young monarch. Upon acceding to the throne, PeterI and George Sursuvul launched a campaign in Byzantine Thrace, razing the fortress...
During the first years of his reign, PeterI faced revolts by two of his three brothers, John in 928 and Michael in 930, but both were quelled. During most of his subsequent rule until 965, PeterI presided over a Golden Age of the Bulgarian state in a period of political consolidation, economic expansion and cultural activity. A treatise of the cont...
Notes
^ a: The border stone found near Narash reads: "In the year of the creation of the world 6412, indict 7 . Border between the Bulgarians and the Romans. In the reign of Simeon, by the Lord prince of Bulgaria, under olgutarkan Theodore and comita Dristra". ^ b: Constantine VII, called "the Purple-born", was a son of Leo VII and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina. Their marriage caused a scandal in the Church. ^ c: The name of the city was not mentioned in Kekaumenos' Strategikon. ^ d: A legendary...
Empress consort of Peter I of Bulgaria. This page was last edited on 15 November 2023, at 08:37. All structured data from the main, Property, Lexeme, and EntitySchema namespaces is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; text in the other namespaces is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.
8 nov 2020 · Irene Lekapene was the Empress consort of Peter I of Bulgaria. She was а daughter of Christopher Lekapenos, son and co-emperor of Romanos I, and his wife Augusta Sophia. To prove himself a worthy successor to his father both at home and in the eyes of foreign governments, Bulgaria's new emperor Peter I made a show of force by invading Byzantine Thrace in May 927, but showed himself ready to ...
