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L' Università di Königsberg (in tedesco Albertus-Universität Königsberg) fu fondata nel 1544 da Alberto I di Prussia. Era comunemente nota con il nome Albertina . Il primo rettore dell'università è stato Georg Sabinus e all'ateneo era collegato l' omonimo osservatorio . L'ateneo cessò l'attività nel 1945.
- Universitas Albertina
- Königsberg
- Albertina
The University of Königsberg ( German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia, and was commonly known as the Albertina .
- 1544–1945
- Georg Sabinus 1544–1547 (first)
- Urban
- Public
- Name
- History
- Demographics
- Culture and Society
- Fortifications
- See Also
- External Links
The first mention of the present-day location in chronicles indicates it as the place of a village of fishermen and hunters. When the Teutonic Order began the Baltic Crusades, they built a wooden fortress, and later a stone fortress, calling it "Conigsberg", which later morphed into "Königsberg". The literal meaning of this is 'King's mountain', in...
Sambians
Königsberg was preceded by a Sambian, or Old Prussian, fort known as Twangste (Prussian word tvinksta means a pond made by a dam). as well as several Old Prussian settlements, including the fishing village and port Lipnick, and the farming villages Sakkeim and Trakkeim.
Arrival of the Teutonic Order
During the conquest of the Prussian Sambians by the Teutonic Knights in 1255, Twangste was destroyed and replaced with a new fortress known as Conigsberg. This name meant "King's Hill" (Latin: castrum Koningsberg, Mons Regius, Regiomontium), honoring King Ottokar II of Bohemia, who paid for the erection of the first fortress there during the Prussian Crusade. Northwest of this new Königsberg Castle arose an initial settlement, later known as Steindamm, roughly 4.5 miles (7 km) from the Vistul...
Polish sovereignty
Since 1440, the city was a founding member of the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation. In 1454 the Confederation rebelled against the Teutonic Knights and asked the Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland, to which the King agreed and signed an act of incorporation. The local mayor pledged allegiance to the Polish King during the incorporation in March 1454. This marked the beginning of the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466) between the State of the Te...
Following the Christianization of the region, the vast majority of the population was Catholic, and after the Reformation, the majority of the population belonged to the Evangelical Church of Prussia. A majority of its parishioners were Lutherans, although there were also Calvinists. Number of inhabitants, by year 1. 1400: 10,000 2. 1663: 40,000 3....
Notable people
Königsberg was the birthplace of the mathematician Christian Goldbach and the writer E.T.A. Hoffmann, as well as the home of the philosopher Immanuel Kant, who lived there virtually all his life and rarely travelled more than ten miles (16 km) away from the city. Kant entered the university of Königsberg at age 16 and was appointed to a chair in metaphysics there in 1770 at the age of 46. While working there he published his Critique of Pure Reason (arguing that knowledge arises from the appl...
Languages
The language of government and high culture was German. The Low Prussian dialect was widely spoken, but is now a moribund language as its refugee speakers are elderly and dying out. As the capital of the region of East Prussia which was a multi-ethnic territory, diverse languages such as Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, and Yiddish were commonly heard on the streets of Königsberg. Old Prussian, a Baltic language, died out in the 18th century.
Arts
In the Königsstraße (King Street) stood the Academy of Art with a collection of over 400 paintings. About 50 works were by Italian masters; some early Dutch paintings were also to be found there. At the King's Gate stood statues of King Ottakar I of Bohemia, Albert of Prussia, and Frederick I of Prussia. Königsberg had a magnificent Exchange (completed in 1875) with fine views of the harbour from the staircase. Along Bahnhofsstraße ("Station Street") were the offices of the famous Royal Amber...
The fortifications of Königsberg consist of numerous defensive walls, forts, bastions and other structures. They make up the First and the Second Defensive Belt, built in 1626–1634 and 1843–1859, respectively. The 15-metre-thick First Belt was erected due to Königsberg's vulnerability during the Polish–Swedish wars. The Second Belt was largely cons...
The Film Königsberg is dead, France/Germany 2004 by Max & Gilbert (in German and English)- 1945
- World War II
- 1255
Modern-day Kaliningrad was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement Twangste by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named Königsberg in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia.
- 223.03 km² (86.11 sq mi)
- 1 September 1255
- 5 m (16 ft)
- Russia
Albertus University of Königsberg, institution of higher learning founded in Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia), in 1544 by Albert, the first duke of Prussia.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Die Albertus-Universität Königsberg wurde 1544 von Herzog Albrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach in Königsberg gegründet. Sie war nach der Universität Wittenberg und der Philipps-Universität Marburg die dritte protestantische Universität und nach Marburg die zweite Neugründung einer protestantischen Universität.
L' Università di Königsberg ( in tedesco Albertus-Universität Königsberg) fu fondata nel 1544 da Alberto I di Prussia. Era comunemente nota con il nome Albertina. Contribuisci. Fatti in breve Ubicazione, Città ... Chiudi. Il primo rettore dell'università è stato Georg Sabinus e all'ateneo era collegato l' omonimo osservatorio.
