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Artillery is used in a variety of roles depending on its type and caliber. The general role of artillery is to provide fire support—"the application of fire, coordinated with the manoeuvre of forces to destroy, neutralize or suppress the enemy". This NATO definition makes artillery a supporting arm although not all NATO armies ...
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- Rifled bores
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artillery, in military science, crew-served big guns, howitzers, or mortars having a calibre greater than that of small arms, or infantry weapons. Rocket launchers are also commonly categorized as artillery, since rockets perform much the same function as artillery projectiles, but the term artillery is more properly limited to large gun-type weapons using an exploding propellant charge to shoot a projectile along an unpowered trajectory.
For three centuries after the perfection of cast-bronze cannon in the 16th century, few improvements were made in artillery pieces or their projectiles. Then, in the second half of the 19th century, there occurred a series of advances so brilliant as to render the artillery in use when the century closed probably 10 times as efficient as that which marked its opening. These remarkable developments took place in every aspect of gunnery: in the pieces, with the successful rifling of cannon bores; in the projectiles, with the adoption of more stable elongated shapes; and in the propellants, with the invention of more powerful and manageable gunpowders.
In the middle years of the 19th century, smoothbore field artillery was placed at a disadvantage by the adoption of rifled small arms, which meant that infantry weapons could now outrange artillery. It therefore became vital to develop rifling for artillery weapons as well. The advantages of rifling were well known, but the technical difficulties of adapting the principle to heavy weapons were considerable. Several systems had been tried; these generally involved lead-coated projectiles that could engage shallow rifling grooves or projectiles fitted with studs that would fit into deeper rifling. None had proved adequate.
Britannica Quiz
Artillery is crew-served big guns, howitzers, or mortars with a calibre greater than small arms. Learn about the evolution of artillery from cast-bronze cannon to rifled breech-loading guns and their role in warfare.
The meaning of ARTILLERY is weapons (such as bows, slings, and catapults) for discharging missiles. How to use artillery in a sentence.
Artillery are very large guns that are moved on wheels or metal tracks, or the part of the army that uses these. Learn more about the word, its pronunciation, synonyms, and translations in different languages.
Artillery definition: mounted projectile-firing guns or missile launchers, mobile or stationary, light or heavy, as distinguished from small arms.. See examples of ARTILLERY used in a sentence.
Military technology - Artillery, Development, Warfare: The earliest known gunpowder weapons vaguely resembled an old-fashioned soda bottle or a deep-throated mortar and pestle. The earliest such weapon, depicted in the English de Millimete manuscript, was some three feet long with a bore diameter of about two inches (five centimetres).
Learn the meaning, pronunciation and usage of artillery, a noun for large, heavy guns or the section of an army trained to use them. See pictures, collocations and word origin.
