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  1. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › CrusadesCrusades - Wikipedia

    18 ore fa · Pope Alexander II developed a system of recruitment via oaths for military resourcing that his successor Pope Gregory VII extended across Europe. In the 11th century, Christian conflict with Muslims on the southern peripheries of Christendom was sponsored by the Church, including the siege of Barbastro and the Norman conquest of Sicily.

  2. 2 giorni fa · Philip II [note 1] (21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent ( Spanish: Felipe el Prudente ), was King of Spain [note 2] from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. He was also jure uxoris King of England and Ireland from his marriage to Queen Mary I in 1554 ...

  3. 3 giorni fa · The Glorious Revolution [a] is the sequence of events that led to the deposition of James II and VII in November 1688. He was replaced by his daughter Mary II and her Dutch husband, William III of Orange, who was also his nephew. The two ruled as joint monarchs of England, Scotland, and Ireland until Mary's death in 1694.

  4. 2 giorni fa · Charles then defended Vienna from the Turks and obtained a coronation as King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from Pope Clement VII. In 1535, he took possession of Milan and captured Tunis. However, the loss of Buda during the struggle for Hungary and the Algiers expedition in the early 1540s frustrated his anti-Ottoman policies.

  5. it.wikipedia.org › wiki › Papa_Pio_XIIPapa Pio XII - Wikipedia

    3 giorni fa · Firma. Manuale. Papa Pio XII (in latino Pius PP. XII, nato Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli [1]; Roma, 2 marzo 1876 – Castel Gandolfo, 9 ottobre 1958) è stato il 260º papa della Chiesa cattolica e 2º sovrano dello Stato della Città del Vaticano dal 1939 alla sua morte.

  6. 2 giorni fa · Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous and unorthodox reign of his father, Edward II. Edward III transformed the Kingdom of ...

  7. 3 giorni fa · Alexander Valterovich Litvinenko[a](30 August 1962[2]or 4 December 1962[3] – 23 November 2006) was a British-naturalised Russian defectorand former officer of the Russian Federal Security Service(FSB) who specialised in tackling organised crime. [1][4]A prominent critic of Russian President Vladimir Putin, he advised British intelligence and ...