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Il missile balistico Polaris fu il primo vero SLBM a livello mondiale, pensato per essere un'arma potente e compatta, da lanciare da sottomarini nucleari. Il missile aveva circa 2.700 km di gittata.
The UGM-27 Polaris missile was a two-stage solid-fueled nuclear-armed submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM). As the United States Navy's first SLBM, it served from 1961 to 1980.
Polaris missile, first U.S. submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) and the mainstay of the British nuclear deterrent force during the 1970s and ’80s. After four years of research and development, the U.S. Navy in 1960 began to deploy nuclear-powered submarines armed with 16 Polaris missiles.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
5 mag 2024 · The Polaris A-1 was the world’s first long-range Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) powered by solid-propellant rocket motors and the very first to be deployed on U.S. Navy submarines, equipped with a nuclear tip.
5 mag 2024 · The first true USN submarine-based strategic nuclear deterrent patrols started in November 1960. This began with the UGM-27A Polaris A-1 SLBM deployments on George Washington-class SSBNs. Before this, the Regulus I missile targeted the eastern USSR and China.
The Polaris missile program was complex, its technologies new and unproven, and its basic concept—launching missiles from beneath the ocean surface—was radical. Yet its missiles and systems went to sea ahead of schedule and proved extremely successful.
The Navy’s first submarine-launched ballistic missile, the Polaris upped the Cold War ante and played a vital strategic role — not only for U.S. forces but in the service of allied fleets as well — through the 1960s and beyond.
