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Like Mulligan, pianist John Lewis played on Birth of the Cooland contributed compositions and arrangements to the nonet’s pad. His own band, The Modern Jazz Quartet, was dedicated to performing elegant, complex arrangements that combined the influence of classical and jazz music. However, the band had grown out of the rhythm section of Dizzy Gilles...

Nicknamed ‘The Sound’ for his lyrical tenor tone, Stan Getz was primarily influenced by Lester Young. He initially found fame as a member of Woody Herman’s big band, before later recording extensively as a bandleader himself. He helped popularise Bossa Nova in the USA, his relaxed solos fitting perfectly with João Gilberto’s guitar, Astrud Gilberto...

One of the most prominent West Coast jazz musicians, Art Pepper finished second to Charlie Parkerin the Best Alto Saxophonist category of the Downbeat Readers’ Poll of 1952. Like Lee Konitz, he was one of the few altoists to forge a distinctive sound that was relatively free of Bird’s influence during this era. Later on, after stints in prison rela...

Tristano’s most famous student, and the third musician on this list to have appeared on Birth of the Cool, alto saxophonist Lee Konitz went on to play with a huge range of musicians in an incredible 70-year career until his death in 2020. He initially appeared with with the orchestras of Claude Thornhill and Stan Kenton, retaining his own style at ...

Pianist and composer Dave Brubeck’s music displayed the clear influence of classical music, and he is perhaps best known for his innovations in introducing the use of odd time signaturesto jazz. Paul Desmond, the long-serving alto saxophonist in Brubeck’s Quartet, also possessed one of the most recognisable tones of the Cool school, memorably claim...

Although she is not always described as a Cool jazz musician, Blossom Dearie’s sweet, girlish voice surely owes something to the style. Also a fine pianist, she sang songs in both English and French, having moved to Paris from her native New York as a young woman, before subsequently returning to the United States. Her later work saw her interpreti...

A strange and somewhat controversial figure, blind jazz pianist Lennie Tristano did not record a huge amount, instead focussing on teaching for much of his career. In this role he influenced a number of important musicians, most notably saxophonists Lee Konitz and Warne Marsh. A virtuosic technician, his music received significant press attention i...

One of the most important and influential jazz musicians of all time, Miles Davis’ considered mid-register trumpet playing of the late 1940s and early ‘50s – with its emphasis on space– is perhaps the archetypal sound of Cool jazz. However, Miles Davisis one of music’s great shapeshifting innovators and to refer to him simply in this sub-genre does...

Perhaps the most recognisable face of West Coast jazz, Chet Baker’s relaxed trumpet playing always sounded completely natural. His approach, restrained and largely utilising the mid-register, was influenced by Miles Davis’s early work. He recorded with Art Pepper, Stan Getz, Bill Evans, Gerry Mulligan, Charlie Parker and many others, residing in Eu...