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La flora e fauna dell' Antartide è caratterizzata per lo più da organismi estremofili [1], dovendo essa adattarsi alla siccità, alle rigidissime temperature ed alle altre esposizioni naturali comuni nel continente antartico.
Present-day flora. Antarctica's extant flora presently consists of around 250 lichens, 100 mosses, 25-30 liverworts, and around 700 terrestrial and aquatic algal species. Species of moss endemic to Antarctica include Grimmia antarctici, Schistidium antarctici, and Sarconeurum glaciale.
Antarctica - Flora, Fauna, Ecosystems: The cold desert climate of Antarctica supports only an impoverished community of cold-tolerant land plants that are capable of surviving lengthy winter periods of total or near-total darkness during which photosynthesis cannot take place.
The Flora Antarctica, or formally and correctly The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, is a description of the many plants discovered on the Ross expedition, which visited islands off the coast of the Antarctic continent ...
- Joseph Dalton Hooker
- 1844–1859
- 1843
- Monthly parts
Antarctic flora and their habitats. Lichens (200 species), bryophytes (over 50 species), algae (over 700 species) and fungi are all found in the Antarctic. Most of the algae are single-celled oceanic plants called phytoplankton.
The subantarctic islands have a milder and wetter climate more favourable for plant growth, meaning these islands possess a more diverse flora including a greater number of flowering plant species and some ferns. Dominant amongst subantarctic vegetation is tussock grass, a tall (up to 2 metres), robust plant forming a dense fringe near the coast.
The flowering plants of Antarctica. Although Antarctica is a cold, dry, and desolate place, life always finds a way. Currently, there are only two known species of flowering plants found on the continent: Antarctic hair grass ( Deschamsia antarctica) grows primarily in the Antarctic Peninsula in small, concentrated tufts throughout rocky areas.
