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Ludwig the Younger of Hesse ( German: Ludwig der Junker) (1305 – 2 February 1345) was a German nobleman. He was the third son of Landgrave Otto I of Hesse and his wife Adelheid, a daughter of Otto III of Ravensberg.
Louis I (German: Ludwig; 6 February 1402 – 17 January 1458), nicknamed the Peaceful (German: der Friedsame), was Landgrave of Hesse from 1413 to 1458. [1] [2] Following Louis' death, his sons, Henry III and Louis II, divided Hesse into Upper and Lower sections.
- 17 January 1458 (aged 55)
- Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
- 6 February 1402, Spangenberg
- Margaret of Hohenzollern-Nuremberg
Louis Jucker - sings and screams - writes songs for albums movies and theaters - produces recordings of himself and other indie acts - performs in clubs, appartments, squats, museums and festivals - builds instruments, tools and spaces for lo-fi music - organize events, sessions and parties to promote cultural weirdness and heart music.
- Origins
- Modern Influences
- Bodenreform
- See Also
- Bibliography
Junker is derived from Middle High German Juncherre, meaning "young nobleman" or otherwise "young lord" (derivation of jung and Herr), and originally was the title of members of the higher edelfrei (immediate) nobility without or before the accolade. It evolved to a general denotation of a young or lesser noble, often poor and politically insignifi...
The Junkers held a virtual monopoly on all agriculture in the part of the German Reich lying east of the River Elbe. Since the Junker estates were necessarily inherited by the eldest son alone, younger sons, all well educated and with a sense of noble ancestry, turned to the civil and military services, and dominated all higher civil offices, as we...
After World War II, during the communist Bodenreform (land reform) of September 1945 in the Soviet Occupation Zone, later East Germany, all private property exceeding an area of 100 hectares (250 acres) was expropriated, and then predominantly allocated to 'New Farmers' on condition that they continued farming them. As most of these large estates, ...
Anderson, Margaret Lavinia. "Voter, Junker, Landrat, Priest: The Old Authorities and the New Franchise in Imperial Germany," American Historical Review (1993) 98#5 pp. 1448–1474 in JSTORStienberg, Jonathan. Bismarck a Life, Oxford University Press, 2011Carsten, Francis Ludwig. A history of the Prussian Junkers(1989).Hagen, William W. Ordinary Prussians – Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840(Cambridge University Press, 2007)Louis the Junker of Hesse (1305 – 2 February 1345) was a German nobleman. He was the third son of Landgrave Otto I of Hesse and his wife Adelheid, a daughter of Otto III of Ravensberg.
Louis the Junker of Hesse was a German nobleman. Background. He was the third son of Landgrave Otto I of Hesse and his wife Adelheid, a daughter of Otto III of Ravensberg. Career. During that visit, John XXII promised that Louis would received a prebendary. However, Louis refused to remain celibate, and renounced his ecclesiastical career.
14 lug 2014 · Measured by its capacity to endure, the Prussian nobility was the most successful in the modern history of continental Europe. Throughout the long vicissitudes of its history, this class--the Junkers--displayed a remarkable ability to adapt to new circumstances and maintain its own political power. Robert Berdahl presents a comprehensive interpretation of the tenacity of the Prussian nobles ...
