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This image is NASA's censored version of Salzman's original illustration, which included the female external genitalia. Linda Salzman (July 16, 1940 – November 22, 2023) was an American artist and writer. Biography. Salzman Sagan created the artwork for the plaque on the Pioneer spacecraft and coproduced the Voyager Golden Record.
Sagan married artist Linda Salzman in 1968 and they had a child together, Nick Sagan, and divorced in 1981. During these marriages, Carl Sagan focused heavily on his career, a factor which may have contributed to Sagan's first divorce.
28 nov 2023 · Artist and screenwriter, Linda Salzman Sagan, who designed NASA's Pioneer Plaque and was a member of the team that created NASA's Voyager Interstellar Message, second wife of Carl Sagan and...
25 nov 2023 · Artist and screenwriter, Linda Salzman Sagan, has died at 83. Born in New York City, Linda resided in Ithaca for many years. She designed NASA's Pioneer Plaque and was part of the team that...
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The original idea, that the Pioneer spacecraft should carry a message from mankind, was first mentioned by Eric Burgess when he visited the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, during the Mariner 9 mission. He approached Carl Sagan, who had lectured about communication with intelligent extraterrestrials at a conference in Crimea. Saga...
Material: 6061 T6 gold-anodizedaluminiumWidth: 9 inches (228.6 mm)Height: 6 inches (152.4 mm)Thickness: 0.05 inches (1.27 mm)Hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen
At the top left of the plaque is a schematic representation of the hyperfine transition of hydrogen, which is the most abundant element in the universe. The spin-flip transition of a hydrogen atom's electron has a frequency of about 1420.405 MHz, which corresponds to a period of 0.704 ns. Light at this frequency has a vacuum wavelength of 21.106 centimetres (8.309 in) (which is also the distance the light travels in that time period). Below the symbol, the small vertical line—representing the...
Figures of a man and a woman
On the right side of the plaque, a nude man and woman are shown in front of the spacecraft.Between the brackets that indicate the height of the woman, the binary representation of the number 8 can be seen (1000). In units of the wavelength of the hyperfine transition of hydrogen this means 8 × 21 cm = 1.68 meters (5 ft 6 in). The small defect in the first zero is only in reproductions of the plaque (like here) and not on the original.[citation needed] It probably[original research?] dates bac...
Sun and galactic landmarks
The radial pattern on the left of the plaque shows 15 lines emanating from the same origin. Fourteen of the lines have corresponding long binary numbers, which stand for the periods of pulsars, using the hydrogen spin-flip transition frequency as the unit. Since these periods will change over time, the epochof the launch can be calculated from these values. The lengths of the lines show the relative distances of the pulsars to the Sun. A tick mark at the end of each line gives the Z coordinat...
One of the parts of the diagram that is among the easiest for humans to understand may be among the hardest for potential extraterrestrial finders to understand: the arrow showing the trajectory of Pioneer. Ernst Gombrichcriticized the use of an arrow because arrows are an artifact of hunter-gatherer societies like those on Earth; finders with a di...
Hans Mark: Origin Story of Carl Sagan's Plaque on Pioneer 10 on YouTube– recording from 1994 interviewThe Sagan, Sagan & Drake 1972 article is available hereLinda Salzman Sagan was given the task of assembling the greetings. The story behind the creation of the "interstellar message" is chronicled in the book, "Murmurs of Earth", by Carl Sagan, et al. Unfortunately, not much information is given about the individual speakers.
Artist and screenwriter, Linda Salzman Sagan, has died at 83. Born in New York City, Linda resided in Ithaca for many years. She designed NASA's Pioneer Plaque and was part of the team that...
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